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Visit
of a project of bilateral co-operation Suisse
- Peru
To
adapt to the cultural differences.
SANBASUR is occupied of medical basic in
the South of the Peruvian Sierra. For SANBASUR
as for much of organization the durable
equipment of services medical at the rural
communities is an activity which implies
a whole of social factors, technical and
cultural.
Since 1996 SANBASUR made studies which made
it possible to better know the problems
of medical rural, the characteristics and
the idiosyncrasy of the local culture, starting
point necessary to set up a durable project.
This
is why SANBASUR states to devote more than
30% of its budget to its social department.
At the time of the process of installation
of the system of water and medical, a guide
shares during nearly 1 year the life of
the community.
The month preceding work, the guide passes
in all the houses to personally explain
to each family the exact course of the project
and especially what they will have to provide
in personal implication.
During the four months of work, the engineer
of SANBASUR coordinates the activities which
are carried out with the families. The guide,
as for him, continues his work of mediation
and sensitizing near the population.
Begin then a long period of formation which
will last 6 months.
During this period all the village attends
the course which takes place early the morning
(between 6h and 8h).
The renewal of the 6 volunteers of the JASS
(board of management of the system of medical),
elected for 2 years, thus does not pose
problems, because all the village received
the formation and all are qualified to take
the changing.
The formation is divided into 9 modules,
for each one of them, SANBASUR created a
very picturesque didactic handbook.
When we saw these handbooks, we were surprised
by the realism of the drawings, which represented
characters vêtus with the European
one. Was our first question to certainly
require of them "which could be the
impact of such drawings well on an Andean
population mainly Indian, not being thus
identified of these drawings?"
To our great surprise, Jorge Huaman Luna,
the engineer who accompanied us during our
day by visit, left us another play handbook
dedicated to the zone of the high Andes.
It showed us in a more precise way the drawings
while pointing out to us that the first
play was intended for the populations of
the tropical forest (Be-Peru) with woodland
landscapes and European clothes. Whereas
on the second play, the drawings took again
the traditional costumes as well as the
Andean landscapes in which evolve/move the
target populations.
"It is an adaptation which we were
obliged to bring to our handbooks. Indeed,
the populations target are often illiterate,
the impact of the drawings is thus strong
and the populations were not identified
with the character of the handbook. All
these small details are expensive to us,
but they are necessary to allow an appropriation
of the project by each village ".
To
pay a royalty and to pay an infrastructure.
We
made the turn of the village of Pampachulla
with engineer Jorge and a member of the
JASS, we thus could question the villagers
on their perception of the project.
They included/understood all that the drinking
water system which was installed is practical
and useful for their health.
One understands by water system, a tap made
up of one sink outside the house, of the
latrines which they must build themselves
in adobe (cob) as well as the pit skeptic.
SANBASUR takes responsibility for its with
the commune the basin and the drains of
arrival and drainage.
Some inhabitants of the village, who do
not have to them latrines/douche yet, came
to ask us money and for materials to build
it.
In the same way when we evoked the subject
of the invoicing of water, the point seemed
badly included/understood by the population.
Water should not be paying. However, as
us the engineer explains it, when electricity
arrived, everyone agreed to pay without
discussing the note... Today it pays mensuellement10
time the price of water and that without
any complaint. It adds, "it is as without
discussion besides as one crosses to them
in the event of unpaid". But it is
not very dissuasive, because the inhabitants
turn over as to good old days to the river
without worrying owing to the fact that
water was cut on their premises.
While leaving the village, we had the impression
that the drinking water was a luxury. The
water of the brook (nondrinkable) remains
an easy solution for these populations which
always made like thus.
In the same way for the latrines and the
showers, to invest the little of incomes
of the hearth for that is a luxury especially
when it is a need brought by people of the
city.
However
the value of water took all its direction
and mentalities knew to adapt quickly. Many
peasants make indeed record with the commune
the sources of mountain in order to be able
one day to sell a right of access to water,
as already certain communes do it has which
it town of Oruro (close to Pampachulla)
buys water...
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